Inkcazo:
Ishishini lokwakha linendima ephambili ekuxonxeni ihlabathi lanamhla, apho isamente isisiseko sokwakha. Kangangeminyaka, abaphandi kunye neenjineli baye baqhubeka bekhangela iindlela zokuphucula umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwesamente. Enye i-avenue ethembisayo ibandakanya ukongezwa kwezongezo, apho i-calcium formate ibe ngumdlali owaziwayo.
Yazisa:
Isamente yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolwakhiwo kwaye ifuna ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno eziguqukayo zeshishini. Ukongezwa kwezongezo kubonakalise ukuba sisicwangciso esisebenzayo sokuphucula imiba eyahlukeneyo yesamente. I-calcium formate, i-compound eveliswa yi-reaction ye-calcium oxide kunye ne-asidi ye-formic, iye yatsala ingqalelo kwikhono layo lokuphucula iimpawu ze-samente. Eli nqaku lijolise ekucaciseni iindlela apho i-calcium ifomathi ichaphazela ngokufanelekileyo umgangatho we-samente kunye nokusebenza.
Iimpawu zeekhemikhali zefomati yeCalcium:
Ngaphambi kokuba ujonge kwiziphumo zefomati yecalcium kwisamente, kubalulekile ukuqonda ikhemikhali yesi songezo. I-calcium fomati yi-crystalline powder emhlophe kunye ne-chemical formula Ca (HCOO)2. Iyanyibilika emanzini kwaye ineempawu zehygroscopic. Inhlanganisela ekhethekileyo ye-calcium kunye ne-formate ions inika i-compounds iipropati ezithile, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa nokuphuculwa kwe-samente.
Inkqubo:
Ukudityaniswa kwefomati ye-calcium kwimixube yesamente kwazisa iindlela ezininzi ezinegalelo ekusebenzeni okuphuculweyo. Enye indlela engundoqo ibandakanya ukuhanjiswa kwesamente okukhawulezileyo. I-calcium formate isebenza njenge-catalyst, ikhuthaza ukubunjwa kwama-hydrates afana ne-calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) kunye ne-ettringite. Oku kukhawuleziswa kukhokelela kumaxesha okumisela ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwandisa amandla okukhula kwangoko.
Ngapha koko, ifomathi ye-calcium isebenza njengendawo ye-nucleation ye-hydrate precipitation, echaphazela i-microstructure ye-matrix yesamente. Olu hlengahlengiso lubangela ukuhanjiswa kwe-hydrate exineneyo kunye nokufana okufanayo, kunceda ukuphucula ukuqina kunye nokunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa.
Ukongezelela, i-calcium formate ithatha inxaxheba kwi-pozzolanic reaction, apho iphendula kunye ne-calcium hydroxide ukwenza i-gel ye-CSH eyongezelelweyo. Oku kusabela akuncedi nje kuphela ekuphuhliseni amandla kodwa kunciphisa umngcipheko wokulibaziseka kwe-ettringite formation (DEF), into enokuthi iphazamise ukuhlala kwexesha elide le-samente.
Ukuphuculwa komgangatho wesamente:
Uphuhliso lwakwangoko lwaMandla:
Ukukwazi ukwenza i-calcium formate ukukhawulezisa i-cement hydration iguqulela kuphuculo olubalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwamandla okuqala. Oku kubalulekile kwiiprojekthi zokwakha apho amandla kufuneka afunyanwe ngokukhawuleza. Ixesha lokumisela elikhawulezayo elikhuthazwa yi-calcium fomati linokubangela ukususwa kwe-formwork ngokukhawuleza kunye nenkqubela phambili yokwakhiwa ngokukhawuleza.
Ukomelezwa kokuqina:
I-calcium fomati yongezwa ukutshintsha i-microstructure ye-cement, ekhokelela kwizinto ezihlala ixesha elide. Ukuxinana okwandisiweyo kunye nokuhanjiswa okufanayo kwee-hydrates kunegalelo ekwandeni kokuchasa uhlaselo lwekhemikhali, imijikelo yokunyibilika komkhenkce, kunye nokunxiba. Ngoko ke, isakhiwo sesamente esiphathwe nge-calcium formate sibonisa ubomi obude benkonzo.
Nciphisa ukungeneka:
Enye yezinto eziphambili ezichaphazela ukuqina kwekhonkrithi kukungena kwayo. I-calcium fomati inciphisa ukunyanzeliswa ngokuchaphazela isakhiwo se-pore ye-matrix ye-samente. Ukuqulunqwa kwe-matrix exineneyo kunye ne-finer pores kunciphisa ukungena kwamanzi kunye nezinto ezinobundlobongela, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukuchasana kwekhonkrithi ukuwohloka.
Ukunciphisa i-Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR):
Uphononongo lufumene ukuba i-calcium formate inokunciphisa umngcipheko we-alkali-silica reaction, inkqubo eyingozi enokubangela ukuvuvukala kwejel kunye nokuqhekeka kwikhonkrithi. Ngokuchaphazela isakhiwo se-pore kunye nokubunjwa kweekhemikhali ze-sement slurry, i-calcium formate inceda ukunciphisa amandla omonakalo onxulumene ne-ASR.
Uphuculo lokusebenza:
Ukuphuculwa kobuchule:
Umphumo we-calcium formate kwi-cement hydration inefuthe elihle ekusebenzeni kwekhonkrithi entsha. Ixesha elimiselweyo elikhawulezayo kunye ne-kinetics ye-hydration ephuculweyo inceda ukuphucula iimpawu zokuhamba, ukuququzelela ukubekwa kunye nokuxinwa kwekhonkrithi. Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi apho ukubekelwa lula kubaluleke kakhulu.
ulawulo lobushushu:
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-calcium formate kwisamente kunceda ukunciphisa iziphumo zamaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyanga. Ukukhawulezisa amaxesha okuseta okukhokelela kwifomati ye-calcium kunokukhawulezisa uphuhliso lwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ubungozi bekhonkrithi kwiingxaki ezinxulumene nobushushu obufana nokuqhekeka kwe-thermal.
Iingqwalasela zozinzo:
I-calcium fomati ineepropati ezihlangabezana neenjongo zozinzo lweshishini lokwakha. I-pozzolanic reactivity yayo iququzelela ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezilahlwayo, kwaye impembelelo yayo ekomelezeni nasekuphileni ixesha elide inegalelo ekunciphiseni ngokubanzi kweempembelelo zokusingqongileyo ezinxulumene nokutshintshwa kunye nokulungiswa kwezakhiwo eziguga.
Imingeni kunye nokuqwalaselwa:
Nangona iinzuzo zokubandakanya i-calcium formate kwi-samente zicacile, imingeni enokubakho kunye nokunciphisa kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukonyuka kweendleko, unxibelelwano olunokwenzeka kunye neminye imixube, kunye nesidingo solawulo lwedosi ngononophelo ukunqanda iziphumo ezibi. Ukongeza, ukusebenza kwexesha elide kunye nokuqina kwekhonkrithi ephethwe ngefomati ye-calcium phantsi kweemeko ezithile zokusingqongileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba uphando olongezelelweyo kunye nezifundo zentsimi.
ukuququmbela:
Ukufakela i-calcium fomati kwisamente yindlela ethembisayo yokuphucula umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwezi zinto zibalulekileyo zokwakha. Ngokusebenzisa iindlela zayo ezininzi zesenzo, i-calcium fomati ikhawulezisa i-hydration, iphucula i-microstructure kwaye inegalelo kuluhlu lweempawu ezinqwenelekayo, kubandakanywa ukuphuhliswa kwamandla kwangaphambili, ukuqina okuphuculweyo kunye nokunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa. Njengoko ishishini lokwakha liqhubeka nokuvela, indima yezongezo ezifana ne-calcium formate ekuphuculeni iipropathi zesamente kusenokwenzeka ukuba ibaluleke kakhulu. Uphando olongezelelweyo kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kutyhila ngakumbi amandla apheleleyo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwefomati ye-calcium kwimiqulu yesamente, ivula indlela yokuqina kunye nezakhiwo ezizinzileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-05-2023