I-cellulose ethers kunye nendlela yokuvelisa okufanayo

Imveliso yei-cellulose ethersibandakanya uthotho lweekhemikhali zokuguqulwa kweselulosi, okukhokelela kwiimveliso ezineempawu ezizodwa. Oku kulandelayo sisishwankathelo ngokubanzi seendlela ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-cellulose ethers:

1. Ukukhethwa kweSelulosi Umthombo:

• I-Cellulose ethers inokufunyanwa kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo efana ne-pulp yomthi, iilitha zomqhaphu, okanye ezinye izinto ezisekelwe kwizityalo. Ukukhethwa komthombo we-cellulose kunokuchaphazela iimpawu zemveliso yokugqibela ye-cellulose ether.

2. Ukutsala:

• Umthombo we-cellulose utyhutyha i-pulping ukuphula iifiber zibe yifom elawulekayo ngakumbi. I-Pulping inokufezekiswa ngoomatshini, ngemichiza, okanye ngokudityaniswa kwezi ndlela zombini.

3. Ukucoca:

• I-pulped cellulose ixhomekeke kwiinkqubo zokucoca ukususa ukungcola, i-lignin, kunye nezinye izinto ezingezona i-cellulosic. Ukucocwa kubalulekile ekufumaneni izinto eziphezulu ze-cellulose.

4. Ukusebenza kweCellulose:

• I-cellulose ecocekileyo iyasebenza ngokuyidumba kwisisombululo se-alkaline. Eli nyathelo libalulekile ekwenzeni i-cellulose isebenze ngakumbi ngexesha lokusabela kwe-etherification elandelayo.

5. I-Etherification Reaction:

• I-cellulose esebenzayo ingena kwi-etherification, apho amaqela e-ether aziswa kumaqela e-hydroxyl kwikhonkco le-polymer cellulose. Ii-etherifying agents eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-ethylene oxide, i-propylene oxide, i-sodium chloroacetate, i-methyl chloride, kunye nabanye.
• Ukusabela ngokuqhelekileyo kuqhutywa phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo zobushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye ne-pH ukuphumeza iqondo elinqwenelekayo lokuthatha indawo (DS) kunye nokunqanda ukusabela kwecala.

6. Ukungathathi hlangothi kunye nokuHlanjwa:

• Emva kokusabela kwe-etherification, imveliso ihlala ingathathi hlangothi ukususa ii-reagents ezigqithisileyo okanye iimveliso. Amanyathelo okuhlamba alandelayo ayenziwa ukuphelisa iikhemikhali ezishiyekileyo kunye nokungcola.

7. Ukomisa:

• I-cellulose ehlanjululweyo kunye ne-etherified yomisiwe ukufumana imveliso yokugqibela ye-cellulose ether kwi-powder okanye i-granular form.

8. Ulawulo loMgangatho:

• Ubuchule bokuhlalutya obahlukeneyo, kuqukwa i-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, iFourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, kunye nechromatography, zisetyenziselwe ukulawula umgangatho. I-DS ibekwe iliso elibukhali ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana.

9. Uqulunqo kunye nosetyenziso:

• I-ether ye-cellulose iye iqulunqwe ibe ngamabakala ahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zezicelo ezahlukeneyo. Ii-ethers ze-cellulose ezahlukeneyo zifanelekile kumashishini ahlukeneyo, afana nokwakhiwa, amayeza, ukutya, iingubo kunye nokunye.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iindlela ezithile kunye neemeko zinokwahluka ngokusekelwe kwimveliso efunwayo ye-cellulose ether kunye nesicelo esicetywayo. Abavelisi bahlala besebenzisa iinkqubo zobunini ukuvelisa i-cellulose ethers ezineempawu ezithile ezilungiselelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamashishini ahlukeneyo.