I-pollder yodaka yi-polymer oxutywe ngodaka oluxubileyo okanye i-powder eyomileyo. Luhlobo lwesamente kunye ne-gypsum njengezinto eziphambili ezisisiseko. Ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi wokwakha, imigudu yowomileyo we-powgrerhar kunye nezongezo zongezwa kwinxalenye ethile. Sisixhobo sokwakha esinodaka esinokuthi sidityaniswe ngokulinganayo, sithwele indawo yokwakha ezingxoweni okanye kwi-bulk, kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo emva kongeza amanzi.
I-powder yodaka yomgubo owomileyo ibandakanya i-powder ye-powder ye-powder ye-tile, i-powder yodonga lomgubo, umgubo wodonga lomgubo, ikhonkrithi yomgubo owomileyo, njl.
I-powder farser farrser ngokubanzi inezinto ezintathu: i-binder, i-aggregate, kunye nodaka.
Ukuqulunqwa kwempahla ye-Prew
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(1) Imbeko ye-inrganic
Ababukeli be-Inorganic baquka isamente e-Portland, i-Alumina ePhakamileyo yeAlumina, iCentes ekhethekileyo, i-gypsum, i-adhyddrite, njl.
(2) Abahlobo bezinto eziphilayo:
I-orden adhescive ikakhulu ibhekisele kwi-teex powder ye-latex, eyipolymer polymer eyenziwe nge-Spray echanekileyo (kunye nokukhethwa kweezongezo ezifanelekileyo) ze-polymer emulsion. Umgubo owomileyo wePolymer kunye namanzi abe yi-Emosion. Inokuphinda ikhutshwe ngamanzi, ukuze amasuntswana ePolymere abumba ubume bomzimba we-polymer kwisamente yesamente, efana nenkqubo ye-polymer emulmer, kwaye idlala indima ekuguquleni udaka lokuthantamisa.
Ngokutsho kwenani ezahlukeneyo, ukuguqulwa komgubo owomileyo womgubo o-Polymer Polymer Powder unokuphucula amandla aphezulu, ukuphucula amandla, ukuhambisa amandla, ubumbano, kunye nolwakhiwo.
Umgubo we-Latex ka-Latex yoHung yoHlelo lomileyo owomileyo lubandakanya ezi ntlobo zilandelayo: ① I-styrene-butdiene copolymer; ② I-styrene-acrylic acid compolymer; ③ Vinyl Acetate Copolymer; ④ I-Polylyacrylated homollymer; ⑤ I-styrene ye-scetate copolymer; ⑥ Vinyl Acetate-ye-Ecetane Copolymer.
2. I-Aggregate:
I-Aggregate yahlulwe yahlulwahlulwahlulwa i-Coardergate kunye ne-Aggregate entle. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zekhonkrithi. Kusebenza ikakhulu njengemithambo kwaye kunciphisa utshintsho lwevolumu olubangelwa kukuntywila kunye nokudumba kwezinto zesamente ngexesha lokuseta kunye nenkqubo yokuqhushumba, kwaye isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sexabiso eliphantsi. Kukho i-agergates yendalo kunye ne-Agegregates yeNdalo, eye yangaphambili injengeGravel, i-Pebles, iPumice, isanti yendalo, njl.; Le yokugqibela enjenge-cinder, slag, uCeramsite, eyandisiweyo ye-Perlite, njl.
3. Izifo
(1) I-Selese ngasese:
Kudaka owomileyo, isixa esongezelelekileyo se-ether sethes siphantsi kakhulu (ngokubanzi i-0.02% -0.7%), kodwa inokuyiphucula kakhulu intsebenzo yodaka olumanzi, kwaye luyinto ephambili echaphazela umsebenzi wokwakha.
Ngomgubo owomileyo, kuba i-ionic selsulose ayizinzanga phambi kweemveliso ze-calcium, kunqabile ukuba isetyenziswe kwiimveliso ezomileyo ze-powder ezisebenzisa i-cement, i-limes slead, njl. I-HydroxyEtheetheetheetheetheetheetheetheetheetheethl ikwasetyenziswa kwiimveliso zemigude ezizomileyo, kodwa isabelo sincinci kakhulu.
I-Selese isethssulose en esetyenziswa ngodaka lomgubo ikakhulu i-hydroxyyl methylcelcelcelcelcel methercelsele
Iimpawu ze-MC: Ukunamathela kunye nolwakhiwo zimbini izinto ezinephembelela omnye komnye; Ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukunqanda ukufuduka kwamanzi, ukuze ubukhulu bodaka bunokutshiswa kakhulu.
(2) I-fiber ye-anti-crack
Asiyonto yokuyilwa kwabantu banamhlanje ukuxuba i-fibers kububuthathaka njengezixhobo zokunyanzeliswa. Kumaxesha amandulo, ookhokho bethu basebenzise iintsinga zendalo njengezixhobo zokuqiniswa kwe-Inorganic, njengokudibanisa iinwele, zisebenzisa i-fulls, sebenzisa i-fulls, i-fump, i-fump, kunye neGypsim ukuya kwiindonga zepeyinti kwaye zenze ezahlukeneyo Iimveliso zeGyppum, njl. Yima. Ukongeza iintsinga zibe zizixhobo zesiseko sesamente ukuze senze i-fiber eqingqiweyo ye-fall-esekwe kwi-creament kuphela yinxalenye yamashumi eminyaka akutshanje.
Iimveliso zesamente, izinto okanye izakhiwo ziya kuvelisa ngokungathandabuzekiyo ii-microcracks ngenxa yotshintsho lwesamente, kwaye ziya kwanda ngotshintsho kwi-shrinkige eyomileyo, iinguqulelo zobushushu, kunye nemithwalo yangaphandle. Xa iphantsi kwamandla angaphandle, iifibers zidlala indima yokunciphisa kwaye ithintele ukwanda kweendlela ezincinci. Iintsinga ziyi-criss-inqabile kwaye i-isotropic, isebenzise kwaye inciphise uxinzelelo, lithintela ukuqhubeka komoya, kwaye udlale indima yokuthintela imifula.
Ukongezwa kweentsinga kunokwenza udaka oluxubeneyo lube nomgangatho ophezulu, ukusebenza okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukunganyangeki, ukumelana nokunganyangeki, neminye imisebenzi.
(3) Iarhente yokunciphisa amanzi
Umgangatho wamanzi ngumxokolo wekhonkrithi onokuthi anciphise isixa sokudibanisa amanzi ngelixa ugcina i-slump yekhonkrithi engaguqukiyo. Uninzi lwazo zii-anionic sunzo, ezinje nge-lignosulfosulfosulfosulder, i-Naphthalenenenesfouldehyde ye-Polymer, njl njl. okanye unciphise ukusetyenziswa kwe-quisment kwaye ugcine isamente.
Ngokwamanzi ancitshisiweyo kunye nokomeleza amandla okunciphisa amanzi, kwahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba aqhelekileyo ancitshisiweyo (okwaziwa ngokuba yi-Agenerizer), ireyithi encitshisiweyo yamanzi engaphantsi kwe-8%, kubandakanya i-naphthamine, I-Aliphatic, njl.
Ngokwembonakalo yekhemikhali, idlahlulwe yangu: I-LIGNNAUSPITESTISTOTHERAS-ASTRIKISPIZISER, ASPENALESPIZErs, esekwe kwi-Naphthalene-esekwe kwi-Superplasticlistie-esekwe kwi-Acidsplasticy. Iiarhente zamanzi, i-polycarboads uperplasticlistplastictivers.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi e-Arhente yokunciphisa amanzi kuMgubo owomileyo owomileyo uneempawu ezilandelayo: Ukuzibandakanya kwesamente, i-gypsum ye-Gypsum, udaka, udaka lwamanzi, uBeting, njl.
Ukukhetha i-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi kufuneka ikhethwe ngokwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zoluhlaza kunye neepropathi ezahlukeneyo zodaka.
(4) Isitatshi se-ether
I-starch Ether isetyenziswa ikakhulu kudaka lokwakha, olunokuthi luchaphazele ukungqinelana kodaka olusekwe kwi-gypsum, isamente kunye ne-lime kunye nokutshintsha udaka kunye nokuchasana nolwag. I-starches idla ngokusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo kunye nokuguqulwa kwe-selsuloed kunye nokuguqulwa kweelebhu. Ifanelekile kuzo zombini iinkqubo ezingathathi hlangothi nezingathathi hlangothi, kwaye zihambelana nezongezo ezininzi kwi-Gypsim nakwiimveliso zesamente (ezinje nge-surfacapes, i-MC, i-polyviny ye-polyvinyl acetate kunye nezinye iipolyviny ze-polyvinyl).
Iimpawu ze-starch ekutyumbe ikakhulu: Ukuphucula ukuxhathisa i-SAG; ukuphucula ulwakhiwo; Ukuphucula ububele, ubukhulu becala isetyenziselwa: i-Dead-Spradayikiweyo okanye i-Storan-Storic esekwe kwiCement kunye neGypsum, i-caulk kunye nokubambelela; ukunamathela kwethayile; I-Masonry yakha udaka.
Qaphela: I-dosage eqhelekileyo ye-starch ether emdaka kwi-0.01-0.1%.
(5) Ezinye izongezo:
Iarhente yokungena komoya yazisa inani elikhulu le-fubble encinci esasazwayo ngexesha lokuxoka komgaqo wamanzi odaka, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ukusasazwa komgangatho kunye nokuphuhlisa ukopha komxubo. I-Onvietives, ubukhulu becala i-Sulfium Sulfondate kunye ne-sodium ye-sodium, idosi yi-0.005-0.02%.
I-Remers isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwi-gyppum fert kunye nefilimu edibeneyo ye-gypsim esekwe. Ikreyithi ikakhulu iziqhamo ze-Acid, zihlala zongezwa kwisixa se-0.05% -0.25%.
Iiarhente ze-hydrophobic (i-resopelents yamanzi) Thumela amanzi ukuba angene eludongeni, ngelixa udaka esenza i-vapor yamanzi ukuba ivulwe. I-Hydrophobic Polymer Polymer Polly isetyenziswe ikakhulu.
UDefoamer, ukunceda ukukhupha iibhubhu zomoya ezingena ngaphakathi kwaye ziveliswe ngexesha lokuxubaka nobukho, ukuphucula amandla engcinezelo, ukuphucula imeko yendawo, i-0.5.5%.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: NgoFebwe-09-2023