Ukuphucula i-Concrete ngezongezo

Ukuphucula i-concrete kunye ne-additives kubandakanya ukudibanisa iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo kunye nezongezo zeminerali kumxube wekhonkrithi ukuphucula iimpawu ezithile okanye iimpawu zekhonkrithi eqinile. Nazi iindidi ezininzi zezongezo ezidla ngokusetyenziswa ukwenza ikhonkrithi:

1. Imixube yokunciphisa amanzi (iPlasticizers):
   • I-admixtures yokunciphisa amanzi, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-plasticizers okanye i-superplasticizers, iphucula ukusebenza ngokunciphisa umthamo wamanzi afunekayo kumxube wekhonkrithi. Banceda ukunyusa i-slump, ukunciphisa ukwahlukana, kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba kwekhonkrithi ngaphandle kokunciphisa amandla.
2. Cwangcisa iiMixube eziBatywayo:
   • Imixube yokubuyisela umva isetyenziselwa ukulibazisa ixesha lokumisela ikhonkrithi, ivumela ukusebenza okwandisiweyo kunye nexesha lokubeka. Ziluncedo ngokukodwa kwiimeko zemozulu ezishushu okanye kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu apho kufuneka ukuthutha ixesha elide kunye namaxesha okubekwa.
3. Seta imixube yokuKhawuleza:
   • Ukuseta i-accelerating admixtures isetyenziselwa ukukhawulezisa ixesha lokumisa ikhonkrithi, ukunciphisa ixesha lokwakha kunye nokwenza ukususwa kwe-formwork ngokukhawuleza kunye nokugqiba. Ziluncedo kwiimeko zemozulu ezibandayo okanye xa kufuneka ukuzuza amandla ngokukhawuleza.
4. Imixube yokungenisa umoya:
   • Imixube yokungenisa umoya yongezwa kwikhonkrithi ukwenza amaqamza omoya amancinci kumxube, ophucula ukuxhathisa ukunyibilika komkhenkce kunye nokuqina. Baphucula ukusebenza kunye nokudityaniswa kwekhonkrithi, ngakumbi kwimozulu embi.
5. Iipozzolans:
   • Izinto ze-Pozzolanic ezifana ne-fly ash, i-silica fume, kunye ne-slag ziyizongezo zeminerali ezisabela nge-calcium hydroxide kwi-samente ukwenza iikhompawundi ezongezelelweyo ze-cementitious. Baphucula amandla, ukuqina, kunye nokuchasana nokuhlaselwa kweekhemikhali kunye nokunciphisa ukushisa kwe-hydration.
6. Iintsinga:
   • Izongezo zeFayibha, ezifana nentsimbi, i-synthetic (ipolypropylene, inayiloni), okanye imicu yeglasi, isetyenziselwa ukomeleza amandla okuqina, ukuxhathisa impembelelo, kunye nokuqina kwekhonkrithi. Banceda ukulawula ukuqhekeka kunye nokuphucula ukuqina kwizicelo zesakhiwo kunye nezingezona izakhiwo.
7. Imixube yokunciphisa ukucutheka:
   • I-admixtures yokunciphisa i-shrinkage isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukomisa i-shrinkage kwikhonkrithi, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhaqha kunye nokuphucula ukuqina kwexesha elide. Basebenza ngokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwamanzi kumxube wekhonkrithi.
8. I-Corrosion Inhibitors:
   • I-Corrosion inhibitors izongezo zeekhemikhali ezikhusela izakhiwo zekhonkrithi ezomeleziweyo kwi-corrosion ebangelwa yi-chloride ion, i-carbonation, okanye ezinye izinto ezinobundlobongela. Banceda ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yekhonkrithi kwiindawo zaselwandle, kwimizi-mveliso, okanye koohola bendlela.
9. Iiarhente zokufaka imibala:
   • Ii-agent zombala, ezifana ne-iron oxide pigments okanye idayi zokwenziwa, zisetyenziselwa ukongeza umbala kwikhonkrithi ngeenjongo zokuhombisa okanye zobuhle. Baphucula umtsalane obonakalayo wemigangatho ebambekayo kwizakhiwo kunye nezicelo zembonakalo-mhlaba.

Ngokudibanisa ezi zongezo kwimixube yekhonkrithi, iinjineli kunye neekontraka zinokulungisa iipropathi zekhonkrithi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zeprojekthi kwaye zifezekise iimpawu zokusebenza ezinqwenelekayo, ezinje ngamandla, ukuqina, ukusebenza, kunye nenkangeleko.