Hydroxypropyl methyl seluplose (hpmc)sisifo esibalulekileyo se-ether, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizinto zokwakha, ngakumbi kumda wokuba ngumgcini wamanzi kunye ne-tickener. Iziphumo zokugcina amanzi ze-HPMC kwi-TARD ichaphazela ukusebenza, ukuqina, ukuphuculwa kwamandla kunye nokuchasana kwemozulu kodaka lweeprojekthi zokwakha.
I-1. Iimfuneko zokugcina amanzi kunye neempembelelo kudaka
Udaka yinto esetyenziswayo esetyenziswayo kwiiprojekthi zokwakha, ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukubethwa, ihlafula, ukulungiswa, njl njl. Ukukhutshelwa ngokukhawuleza kwamanzi kudaka okanye ukulahleka kwamanzi kakhulu kuya kukhokelela kwezi ngxaki zilandelayo:
Ukuncitshiswa kwamandla: Ukuphulukana namanzi kuya kubangela ukungaphumeleli kwi-quidration yokuphendula, ngaloo ndlela kuchaphazela amandla ophuculo lodaka.
Ukugqwetha okwaneleyo: Ilahleko yamanzi iya kukhokelela kwi-bondir engaphelelanga phakathi kodaka kunye nomhlaba, ichaphazela uzinzo lolwakhiwo lwesakhiwo.
Ukuqhekeka kowomileyo kunye nokusasazwa kwamanzi ngokungahambisi kunokubangela ngokulula ukuncipha kunye nokuqhekeka kolubhungwe lokulala, oluchaphazela imbonakalo kunye nenkonzo.
Ke ngoko, udaka lufuna indawo yokugcina amanzi eqinileyo ngexesha lokwakhiwa kunye nokuqina, kunye ne-HPMC kunokuphucula ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso yokwakha kunye nomgangatho wemveliso egqityiweyo.
I-2. Indlela yokugcina amanzi ye-HPMC
I-HPMC inamanzi aqinileyo amanzi, ikakhulu ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo semolekyuli kunye nenkqubo yentshukumo yodaka:
Ukufunxa kwamanzi kunye nokwandiswa: Zininzi amaqela e-hydroxyl kwisakhiwo se-phudmc, enokwenza iibhondi ze-hydrogen ngeemolekyuli zamanzi, ezenza ukuba kungafumaneki amanzi. Emva kongeza amanzi, iimolekyuli ze-HPMC zinokufumana isixa esikhulu samanzi kwaye sandise ukuze senze i-gel ye-gelm ye-gel, ngaloo ndlela kulibazisa ukuvela kwamanzi kunye nokuphulukana namanzi.
Iimpawu zokwenza iifilimu: I-HPMC inyibilikisa emanzini ukwenza isisombululo se-viscofity ephezulu, enokwenza ifilimu yokukhusela ijikeleze amasuntswana esindwayo. Le filimu ikhuselayo ayinakukwazi ukutshitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo umswakama, kodwa inciphisa ukufuduka komswakama kwendawo yokufuma, kokwenza oko kukuthoba ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka.
Isiphumo sokuqaqamba: Emva kokuba i-HPMC ichithwe emanzini, iya kukhulisa udaka lodaka, olunceda ekusasazeni ngokulinganayo kunye nokugcina amanzi kunye nokuthintela amanzi ngokukhawuleza. Iziphumo zokohlwaya zinokuphucula ukusebenza kodaka kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-anting anys.
I-3. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi i-HPMC kuphucula ukusebenza kodaka
I-HPMC iphucula ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka, nto leyo engathanga ngqo inefuthe elihle kwiipropathi zalo zomzimba kunye nekhemikhali. Ibonakaliswa ngqo kule miba ilandelayo:
3.1 Ukuphucula ukusebenza kodaka
Ukusebenza okuhle kunokuqinisekisa ukuthahla kolwakhiwo. I-HPMC inyusa i-vikosity kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi ngodaka, ukuze udaka lusikelelwa ngexesha lokwakha, kwaye akukho lula ukwahlula amandla okwakha.
3.2 Yandisa ixesha elivuliweyo
Ukuphuculwa kokugcinwa kwamanzi i-HPMC kunokugcina u-surser ixesha elide, ukuchitha ixesha elivulekileyo, kunye nokunciphisa i-phenomenon yokuphilayo ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwamanzi ngexesha lokwakha ngexesha lokwakha. Oku kubonelela abasebenzi bokwakha ngexesha elide lohlengahlengiso kwaye kunceda ukuphucula umgangatho wokwakhiwa.
3.3 Yandisa amandla ebhondi yodaka
Amandla obungudaka ahambelana ngokusondeleyo nengcaciso ye-rateration yesamente. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kubonelelwe yi-HPMC kuqinisekisa ukuba amasuntswana ethutyana anokuthintela ngokupheleleyo, ukuthintela ukungcungcutheka okwaneleyo okubangelwa kukulahleka kwamanzi kwangoko, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe amandla odaka phakathi kodaka kunye nodaka.
3.4 ukunciphisa i-shrinkab kwaye ukhawuleze
I-HPMC inemisebenzi egqwesileyo yokugcinwa kwamanzi, enokunciphisa kakhulu ukuphulukana namanzi, ngaloo ndlela kukuphepha i-shrinkage kunye ne-shrinkige ebangelwa kukulahleka kwamanzi ngexesha lokucheba ngexesha lokucheba, kunye nokuqina kodaka.
3.5 Ukuphucula i-freeze-thaw ukuchasana nodaka
Ukugcinwa kwamanziI-HPMCYenza amanzi esikhunjiwe asasazwe ngokulinganayo, onceda ekuphuculeni ukuxinana kunye nokufana kodaka. Esi sakhiwo iyunifoni singawuxhathisa umonakalo obangelwe yimijikelezo-thaw kwimozulu ebandayo kwaye iphucule ukuqina kodaka.
4. Ubudlelwane phakathi kwenani le-HPMC kunye nefuthe lokugcina amanzi
Isixa se-HPMC esongezwe sibalulekile kumphumo wokugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka. Ngokubanzi, ukongeza isixa esifanelekileyo se-HPMC kunokuphucula kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi, kodwa ukuba kongezwa kakhulu, kunokubangela ukuba udaka lube luncedo kunye namandla okwenza lukhuni. Ke ngoko, kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, isixa se-HPMC kufuneka silawulwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokweefomula ezithile zefomula kunye neemfuno zokwakha zodaka ukuba zifezekiswe.
Njengearhente ebalulekileyo yokugcina amanzi kunye ne-tickener, i-HPMC idlala indima engenakuthintelwa ekuphuculeni ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka. Ayinakuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kokwakhiwa kodaka, kodwa nangempumelelo kwakongeza ixesha elivulekileyo, ukuphucula amandla aphezulu, ukunciphisa ukuqhekeka, kunye nokuphucula ubulawu kunye nokuphucula ubumbano. Kulwakhiwo lwale mihla, ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kwe-HPMC akunakukwazi ukusombulula ingxaki yokulahleka kwamanzi ngodaka, kodwa kukuqinisekisa umgangatho weprojekthi kwaye kwandise ubomi benkonzo yesakhiwo.
IXESHA LOKUGQIBELA: UNv-12 ukuya ku-2004