IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC luhlobo lwe-non-ionic cellulose exutywe ne-ether.Ngokungafaniyo ne-ionic methyl carboxymethyl cellulose exutywe ne-ether, ayisebenzi kunye neentsimbi ezinzima.Ngenxa yemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yomxholo we-methoxyl kunye nomxholo we-hydroxypropyl kwi-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kunye ne-viscosities eyahlukeneyo, kukho iindidi ezininzi ezineepropati ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, umxholo ophezulu we-methoxyl kunye nomxholo ophantsi we-hydroxypropyl Ukusebenza kwayo kusondele kuleyo ye-methyl cellulose, ngelixa iphantsi. Umxholo we-methoxyl kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-hydroxypropyl usondele kulowo we-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.Nangona kunjalo, kuluhlu ngalunye, nangona kuphela inani elincinci leqela le-hydroxypropyl okanye inani elincinci leqela le-methoxyl liqulethwe, kukho umahluko omkhulu kwi-solubility kwi-solvents yezinto eziphilayo okanye ubushushu be-flocculation kwizisombululo ezinamanzi.
(1) Iimpawu zokunyibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
①Ukunyibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose emanzini I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose eneneni luhlobo lwe-methylcellulose elungiswe yi-propylene oxide (methoxypropylene), ngoko ke iseneempawu ezifanayo njenge-methyl cellulose I-Cellulose ineempawu ezifanayo zokunyibilika kwamanzi abandayo kunye nokunganyibiliki kwamanzi ashushu.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeqela le-hydroxypropyl elungisiweyo, ubushushu bayo be-gelation emanzini ashushu buphezulu kakhulu kune-methyl cellulose.Umzekelo, i-viscosity ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose isisombululo se-aqueous kunye ne-2% ye-methoxy content substitution degree DS=0.73 kunye ne-hydroxypropyl content MS=0.46 yi-500 mpa·s kwi-20 ° C, kunye nobushushu bayo be-gel Inokufikelela kwi-100 ° C, ngelixa i-methyl cellulose kubushushu obufanayo bumalunga nama-55°C kuphela.Ngokuphathelele ukunyibilika kwayo emanzini, nayo iphuculwe kakhulu.Umzekelo, i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ehlatyiweyo (imilo yegranular yi-0.2~0.5mm kwi-20°C kunye ne-4% ye-aqueous viscosity ye-2pa•s inokuthengwa Kubushushu begumbi, inyibilika lula emanzini ngaphandle kokupholisa.
②Ukunyibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kwizinyibilikisi ze-organic Ukunyibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kwizinyibilikisi ze-organic nakho kungcono kune-methylcellulose.Kwiimveliso ezingaphezulu kwe-2.1, i-high-viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose equlethe i-hydroxypropyl MS = 1.5 ~ 1.8 kunye ne-methoxy DS = 0.2 ~ 1.0, kunye neqondo elipheleleyo lokutshintshela ngaphezu kwe-1.8, linyibilika kwi-methanol ye-anhydrous kunye ne-ethanol ePhakathi, kunye ne-thermoplastic yamanzi .Ikwanyibilika kwiihydrocarbon eziklorini ezifana ne-methylene chloride kunye ne-chloroform, kunye ne-solvents eziphilayo ezifana ne-acetone, isopropanol kunye ne-diacetone alcohol.Ukunyibilika kwayo kwizinyibilikisi zendalo kubhetele kunonyibiliko lwamanzi.
(2) Izinto ezichaphazela i-viscosity ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Ukumiselwa kwe-viscosity esemgangathweni ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iyafana nezinye i-cellulose ethers, kwaye ilinganiswa kwi-20 ° C kunye ne-2% yesisombululo samanzi njengomgangatho.I-viscosity yemveliso efanayo iyanda ngokunyuka koxinzelelo.Kwiimveliso ezinobunzima obuhlukeneyo beemolekyuli kwinqanaba elifanayo, imveliso enobunzima obukhulu be-molecular ine-viscosity ephezulu.Ubudlelwane bayo kunye nobushushu bufana ne-methyl cellulose.Xa iqondo lokushisa liphakama, i-viscosity iqala ukuhla, kodwa xa ifikelela kwiqondo lokushisa elithile,
i-viscosity iphakama ngokukhawuleza kwaye i-gelation iyenzeka.Ubushushu be-gel yeemveliso ezisezantsi ze-viscosity ziphezulu.iphezulu.I-gel point yayo ayihambelani kuphela ne-viscosity ye-ether, kodwa ihambelana nomlinganiselo wokubunjwa kweqela le-methoxyl kunye neqela le-hydroxypropyl kwi-ether kunye nobukhulu be-degree substitution degree.Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nayo i-pseudoplastic, kwaye isisombululo sayo sizinzile kwiqondo lokushisa ngaphandle kokuthotywa kwe-viscosity ngaphandle kokuba kunokwenzeka ukuchithwa kwe-enzymatic.
(3) Ukunyamezela ityuwa ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Ekubeni i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i-ether engekho i-ionic, ayinayo i-ioni kumajelo amanzi, ngokungafaniyo nezinye i-cellulose ethers ze-ionic, Ngokomzekelo, i-carboxymethyl cellulose isabela nge-ion yensimbi enzima kunye ne-precipitates ngaphandle kwesisombululo.Iityuwa eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-chloride, i-bromide, i-phosphate, i-nitrate, njl njl. aziyi kudlula xa zifakwe kwisisombululo sayo samanzi.Nangona kunjalo, ukongezwa kwetyuwa kunefuthe elithile kubushushu be-flocculation yesisombululo sayo esinamanzi.Xa i-concentration yetyuwa inyuka, ukushisa kwe-gel kuyancipha.Xa i-concentration yetyuwa ingaphantsi kwendawo ye-flocculation, i-viscosity yesisombululo ivame ukunyuka.Ngoko ke, umlinganiselo othile wetyuwa uyongezwa., kwisicelo, inokufezekisa umphumo wokuqina ngakumbi ngokwezoqoqosho.Ngoko ke, kwezinye izicelo, kungcono ukusebenzisa umxube we-cellulose ether kunye netyuwa kunomlinganiselo ophezulu wesisombululo se-ether ukufezekisa umphumo wokuqina.
(4) I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acid kunye nokumelana ne-alkali I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ngokuqhelekileyo izinzile kwi-acids kunye ne-alkali, kwaye ayichaphazeleki kwi-pH 2 ~ 12.Iyakwazi ukumelana nomlinganiselo othile we-acids Light, njenge-formic acid, i-acetic acid, i-citric acid, i-succinic acid, i-phosphoric acid, i-boric acid, njl. Kodwa i-asidi egxininisiweyo inefuthe lokunciphisa i-viscosity.I-alkalis ezifana ne-caustic soda, i-caustic potash kunye namanzi ekalika ayinamphumo kuyo, kodwa inokunyusa kancinane i-viscosity yesisombululo, kwaye iyancipha ngokukhawuleza.
(5) I-Miscibility ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Isisombululo se-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose sinokuxutywa kunye ne-polymer compounds e-soluble yamanzi ukuze ibe yinto efanayo kunye nesisombululo esicacileyo kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu.Ezi zixhobo ze-polymer ziquka i-polyethylene glycol, i-polyvinyl acetate, i-polysilicone, i-polymethylvinylsiloxane, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, kunye ne-methyl cellulose.Iikhompawundi zendalo eziphezulu zemolekyuli ezifana nentlaka ye-arabic, itshungama yembotyi yeenkumbi, i-karaya gum, njl.IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose ingaxutywa nemannitol ester okanye isorbitol ester ye stearic acid okanye palmitic acid, kwaye ingaxutywa ne glycerin, sorbitol kunye ne mannitol, kwaye ezi khompawundi zingasetyenziswa njenge hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer ye cellulose.
(6) I-ethers ye-cellulose e-soluble e-soluble yamanzi e-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inokudityaniswa kunye ne-aldehydes phezu komhlaba, ukwenzela ukuba ezi zi-ethers ezixutywe ngamanzi zifakwe kwisisombululo kwaye zingabi namanzi.I-aldehydes eyenza i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i-insoluble iquka i-formaldehyde, i-glyoxal, i-succinic aldehyde, i-adipaldehyde, njl njl. Xa usebenzisa i-formaldehyde, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwixabiso le-pH yesisombululo, phakathi kwayo i-glyoxal isabela ngokukhawuleza, ngoko i-glyoxal isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njenge-crosslink. arhente kwimveliso yoshishino.Isixa solu hlobo lwe-agent edibeneyo kwisisombululo ngu-0.2% ~ 10% yobunzima be-ether, ngokukhethekileyo i-7% ~ 10%, umzekelo, i-3.3% ~ 6% ye-glyoxal iyona ifanelekileyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, unyango
lobushushu yi 0 ~ 30 ℃, kwaye ixesha 1 ~ 120min.Ukusabela kwe-cross-linking kufuneka kuqhutywe phantsi kweemeko ze-acidic.Ngokubanzi, isisombululo songezwa kuqala nge-asidi eyomeleleyo ye-inorganic okanye i-organic carboxylic acid ukunyenyisa i-pH yesisombululo malunga ne-2 ~ 6, ngokukodwa phakathi kwe-4 ~ 6, kwaye emva koko wongeze i-aldehydes ukwenza i-cross-linking reaction.I-asidi esetyenzisiweyo ine-asidi ye-hydrochloric, i-asidi ye-sulfuric, i-asidi ye-phosphoric, i-asidi ye-fomic, i-acetic acid, i-hydroxyacetic acid, i-succinic acid okanye i-citric acid njl., apho i-formic acid okanye i-acetic acid iyacetyiswa, kwaye i-asidi ye-formic ilungile.I-asidi kunye ne-aldehyde nayo inokongezwa ngaxeshanye ukuvumela isisombululo ukuba singene kwi-reaction cross-linking reaction ngaphakathi koluhlu olufunwayo lwe-pH.Le mpendulo idla ngokusetyenziswa kwinkqubo yonyango yokugqibela kwinkqubo yokulungiselela i-cellulose ethers.Emva kokuba i-ether cellulose inganyibiliki, kulula ukuyisebenzisa
20 ~ 25℃ amanzi okuhlamba kunye nokucoca.Xa imveliso isetyenziswa, izinto ze-alkali zingongezwa kwisisombululo semveliso ukulungisa i-pH yesisombululo ukuba ibe yi-alkaline, kwaye imveliso iya kuchithwa kwisisombululo ngokukhawuleza.Le ndlela iphinda isetyenziswe kunyango lwefilimu emva kokuba isisombululo se-cellulose ether senziwe kwifilimu ukuze senze ifilimu engenakunyibilika.
7 I-1, iya kuthotywa kwakhona yi-enzymes, oku kuthetha ukuba iqondo lokutshintshwa kweqela ngalinye kwikhonkco ye-cellulose ayifani ngokwaneleyo, kwaye i-microorganisms inokutshabalalisa kwiqela elingatshintshiyo le-anhydroglucose ukwenza ishukela , njengezondlo ze-microorganisms ukuba zifunxe.Ke ngoko, ukuba iqondo le-etherification endaweni yeselulosi liyenyuka, ukuchasana nokukhukuliseka kwe-enzymatic ye-cellulose ether kuya kwanda.Ngokweengxelo, phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo, iziphumo ze-hydrolysis ze-enzymes, i-viscosity eseleyo ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS = 1.9) yi-13.2%, i-methylcellulose (DS = 1.83) yi-7.3%, i-methylcellulose (DS = 1.66) yi-3.8%. kunye ne-hydroxyethyl cellulose yi-1.7%.Ingabonwa ukuba i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inamandla okulwa ne-enzyme.Ngoko ke, ukuchasana kwe-enzyme egqwesileyo ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, idibaniswe ne-dispersibility yayo efanelekileyo, i-thickening kunye ne-film-forming properties, isetyenziswe kwiingubo ze-emulsion yamanzi, njl., kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ayifuni ukongeza i-preservatives.Nangona kunjalo, ukugcinwa kwexesha elide lesisombululo okanye ukungcoliseka okunokwenzeka okuvela ngaphandle, izilondolozo zinokongezwa njengento yokukhusela, kwaye ukhetho lunokumiselwa ngokweemfuno zokugqibela zesisombululo.I-Phenylmercuric acetate kunye ne-manganese fluorosilicate zizigcini ezisebenzayo, kodwa zonke zineToxicity, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe ekusebenzeni.Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-1 ~ 5mg ye-phenylmercury acetate inokongezwa kwisisombululo kwilitha yedosi.
(8)Ukwenziwa kwefilimu ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ineempawu ezibalaseleyo zokwenza ifilim.Isisombululo saso samanzi okanye isisombululo se-solvent se-organic sifakwe kwipleyiti yeglasi, kwaye ayibabala kwaye ibonakale emva kokumisa.Kwaye ifilimu enzima.Inokumelana nokufuma okuhle kwaye ihlala yomelele kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.Ukuba iplastiki ye-hygroscopic yongezwa, ukunyuswa kwayo kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo kunokwandiswa.Ngokumalunga nokuphucula ukuguquguquka, iiplastiki ezifana ne-glycerin kunye ne-sorbitol zizona zifanelekileyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-concentration yesisombululo yi-2% ~ 3%, kwaye inani le-plasticizer yi-10% ~ 20% ye-cellulose ether.Ukuba umxholo we-plasticizer uphezulu kakhulu, i-colloidal dehydration shrinkage iya kwenzeka kumswakama ophezulu.Amandla okuqina kwefilimu nge
I-plasticizer eyongeziweyo inkulu kakhulu kunokuba ingenayo i-plasticizer, kwaye iyanda ngokunyuka kwenani elongezelelweyo.Ngokuphathelele i-hygroscopicity yefilimu, iphinda inyuke ngokunyuka kwenani le-plasticizer.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-24-2022