Hydroxypropyl methylcelculose (hpmc) yindawo esetyenziswayo yePolymer esetyenziswayo, esetyenziswe ngokubanzi ekwakhiweni, amayeza, ukutya kunye namanye amashishini. Njenge-polymer enyibilikayo yamanzi, i-HPMC inyanzele ukugcinwa kwamanzi kakhulu, ukwenza ifilimu, ukuthambisa kunye nokulungisa iipropathi. Ukugcinwa kwayo kwamanzi yenye yezakhiwo zayo ezibalulekileyo kwizicelo ezininzi, ngakumbi kwizixhobo ezinje ngengubo, udaka kunye nempahla kwimveliso yokwakha, ekwazi ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso yokugqibela. Nangona kunjalo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi i-HPMC inxulumene ngokusondeleyo kuguquko lobushushu kwindawo yangaphandle, kunye nokuqonda olu lwalamano kubalulekile ukuze kusetyenziswe isicelo kwimihlaba eyahlukeneyo.
1. Ulwakhiwo kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-HPMC
I-HPMC yenziwa ngokuguqulwa kwemithombo yeekhemikhali ye-selupose yendalo, ikakhulu ngokusungulwa kwe-hydroxypropyl (-c3h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7h7H Amaqela e-hydroxyl (-) kwiimolekyuli ze-HPMC angenza iibhondi ze-hydrogen ngeemolekyuli zamanzi. Ke ngoko, i-HPMC inokufunxa amanzi kwaye idibanise amanzi, ibonisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kubhekisa kubuchule bento yokugcina amanzi. Kwi-HPMC, ibonakaliswa ikakhulu kukukwazi ukugcina umxholo wamanzi kwinkqubo ngokusebenzisa amanzi, ngakumbi kubushushu obuphezulu okanye iindawo ezinokufudumala, ezinokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukulunga kwento. Kuba i-hydration kwiimolekyuli ze-HPMC inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nokunxibelelana kwesakhiwo semolekyuli, utshintsho lobuchule luya kuchaphazela ngqo umthamo wokuqalisa kwamanzi kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-HPMC.
2. Iziphumo zobushushu ekugcinweni kwamanzi i-HPMC
Ubudlelwane phakathi kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC kunye neqondo lobushushu kunokuxoxwa kwiinkalo ezimbini: inye sisiphumo seqondo lobushushu le-HPMC, kwaye enye sisiphumo seqondo lobushushu lemolekyuli kunye ne-hydration.
2.1 Isiphumo seqondo lobushushu kwi-solity ye-HPMC
Ukunyibilika kwe-HPMC emanzini kuhambelana nobushushu. Ngokubanzi, i-sloubing ye-HPMC inyuswa ngokukhulisa ubushushu. Xa iqondo lobushushu liphuma, iimolekyuli zamanzi zifumana amandla e-shirmal, zikhokelela ekunxaxheni kokunxibelelana phakathi kweemolekyuli zamanzi, ngaloo ndlela zikhuthaza ukuchithwa kwe I-HPMC. Kwi-HPMC, ukwanda kwamaqondo obushushu kunokwenza kube lula ukwenza isisombululo seColoidal, ngaloo ndlela kuphucule ukugcinwa kwamanzi amanzi.
Nangona kunjalo, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu anokunyusa isisombululo se-HPMC, echaphazela iipropathi zayo ze-rheeology kunye nokusasazeka. Nangona esi siphumo siqinisekile ukuba uphuculo lokuluka, ubushushu obukhulu kakhulu kunokutshintsha uzinzo lwesakhiwo sayo semolekyuli kwaye ukhokele ukuncipha kokugcinwa kwamanzi.
2.2 Iziphumo zobushushu kwisimo semolekyuli se-HPMC
Kwimo ye-molecular ye-HPMC, i-hydrogen Bonds ijongwa ikakhulu ngeemolekyuli zamanzi ngokusebenzisa amaqela e-hydroxyl, kwaye le qhina libaluleke kakhulu kwi-HPMC yamanzi. Njengoko iqondo lobushushu liyanda, amandla e-hydrogen bobul anokutshintsha, okukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwamandla okubopha phakathi kwe-HPMC Musekyuli kunye nemolekyuli yamanzi, ngaloo ndlela echaphazela ukugcinwa kwawo amanzi. Ngokukodwa, ukwanda kwamaqondo obushushu kuya kubangela imingxunya ye-hydrogen kwimolekyuli ye-HPMC yokutyhola, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa umthamo wayo wamanzi kunye nokugcina amanzi.
Ukongeza, imvakalelo yobushushu ye-HPMC ikwabonakala nakwisigaba senqanaba lesisombululo. I-HPMC enezilinganiselo ezahlukeneyo zemolekyuli kunye namaqela ahlukeneyo anokuphatha anemvakalelo eyahlukileyo ye-thermas. Ngokubanzi, i-HPMC ye-HPMC ye-HPMC inovelwano kakhulu kubushushu, ngelixa ubunzima be-phudmc ubunzima be-HPMC bubonisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo. Ke ngoko, kwizicelo ezenziwayo, kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-HPMC ngokoluhlu oluthile lobushushu ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwiqondo lokusebenza.
2.3 Iziphumo zobushushu kwi-Evaporation yamanzi
Kwimeko yobushushu obuphezulu, ukugcinwa kwamanzi i-HPMC kuya kuchaphazeleka kukukhutshwa kwamanzi okukhawulezileyo okubangelwa kukunyuka kobushushu. Xa iqondo lobushushu langaphandle liphezulu kakhulu, amanzi kwinkqubo ye-HPMC kunokwenzeka ukuba akhwele. Nangona i-HPMC inokugcina amanzi ukuya kwinqanaba elithile ngokwemolekyuli, ubushushu obuphezulu bunokubangela ukuba inkqubo iphulukane namanzi ngokukhawuleza kunomthamo wokugcina amanzi kwi-HPMC. Kule meko, ukugcinwa kwamanzi i-HPMC akulunganga, ngakumbi kubushushu obuphezulu kunye nendawo eyomileyo.
Ukuyinciphisa le ngxaki, ezinye izifundo zibonakalise ukuba ukongeza i-humectives efanelekileyo okanye ukuhlengahlengisa amanye amacandelo kwifomula yokugcina amanzi kwi-HPMC kwindawo ye-HPMC kwindawo ye-HPMC kwindawo ye-HPMC kwimo yobushushu obuphezulu. Umzekelo, ngokuhlengahlengisa i-viscofier modifity yefomula okanye ukukhetha i-Sottile yeSolven ephantsi, ukugcinwa kwamanzi i-HPMC kungaphuculwa kwinqanaba elithile, ukunciphisa isiphumo sonyuso lobushushu.
3. Izinto zokuphembelela
Iziphumo zobushushu ekugcinweni kwamanzi i-HPMC ayixhomekekanga kuphela kubushushu obunjani, kodwa nakwisisindo, isidanga sokufaka endaweni ye-HPMC. Umzekelo:
Ubunzima bemolekyuli:I-HPMC Ngobunzima obuphezulu bemolekyuli ihlala inogcino lwamanzi, kuba isakhiwo senethiwekhi esekwe ngamakhonkco amatye aphezulu kwimolekyuli kwisisombululo unokufumana nokugcina amanzi ngokufanelekileyo.
Inqanaba lokufakwa endaweni: Inqanaba le-methyling kunye ne-hydroxyy ye-HPMC iya kuchaphazela ukusebenzisana kwayo neemolekyuli zamanzi, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Ngokubanzi, inqanaba eliphezulu lokufaka endaweni yoko landisa i-hpmcrophiyicity ye-HPMC, malunga nokugcinwa kwalo lwamanzi.
Ukugxininiswa kwesisombululo: I-HPMC ichaphazela ukugcinwa kwayo amanzi. Ukugxininiswa okuphezulu kwezisombululo ze-HPMC zihlala zineziphumo zokugcina amanzi, kuba ukugxininisa kwe-HPMC kungagcinwa ngamanzi ngonxibelelwano olunamandla.
Kukho ubudlelwane obunzima phakathi kokugcinwa kwamanziI-HPMCkunye neqondo lokushisa. Ukwanda kobushushu badla ngokukhuthaza ukubethwa kwe-HPMC kwaye kungakhokelela ekugcinweni kwamanzi, kodwa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu aya kutshabalalisa ubume be-HPMC, ngaloo ndlela banciphisa amandla ayo okugcina amanzi. Ukwenzela ukufezekisa eyona ndlela yokugcina amanzi iphantsi kwemeko yobushushu obahlukeneyo, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-HPMC ngokweemfuno ezithile zeSicelo kunye nokulungelelanisa iimeko zayo zokusetyenziswa. Ukongeza, ezinye izinto kwifomula kunye neendlela zokulawula ubushushu zinokuphucula ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC kwiindawo ezithile zobushushu obuphezulu.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UNv-11 ukuya ku-1124