I-ether ye-cellulose yinto ebalulekileyo yokongeza izinto zokwakha, ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwakheni udaka, i-putty powder, i-coating kunye nezinye iimveliso zokuphucula iimpawu ezibonakalayo kunye nokusebenza kokwakhiwa kwezinto. Amacandelo aphambili e-cellulose ether abandakanya i-cellulose isakhiwo esisisiseko kunye neendawo ezifakwe ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali, ezinika ukunyibilika okukodwa, ukuqina, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye neempawu ze-rheological.
1. I-cellulose isakhiwo esisisiseko
I-Cellulose yenye yeepolysaccharides eziqhelekileyo kwindalo, ikakhulu ziphuma kwimicu yezityalo. Iyinxalenye ephambili ye-cellulose ether kwaye imisela isakhiwo sayo esisisiseko kunye neempawu. Iimolekyuli ze-cellulose zenziwe ngeeyunithi ze-glucose ezidityaniswe ngamabhondi e-β-1,4-glycosidic ukwenza i-chain chain structure. Esi sakhiwo somgca sinika i-cellulose amandla aphezulu kunye nobunzima obuphezulu be-molecular, kodwa ukunyibilika kwayo emanzini kubi. Ukuze kuphuculwe i-solubility yamanzi ye-cellulose kunye nokulungelelanisa iimfuno zezinto zokwakha, i-cellulose kufuneka iguqulwe ngamakhemikhali.
2. Amalungu abambeleyo-amacandelo e-etherification reaction
Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo ze-cellulose ether zifezekiswa ikakhulu ngabathathi-nxaxheba abaveliswa yi-etherification reaction phakathi kweqela le-hydroxyl (-OH) ye-cellulose kunye ne-ether compounds. Amalungu aqhelekileyo aquka i-methoxy (-OCH₃), i-ethoxy (-OC₂H₅) kunye ne-hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CHOHCH₃). Ukuqaliswa kwezi zixhobo zitshintsha ukunyibilika, ukutyeba kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-cellulose. Ngokwamacandelo ahlukeneyo aziswayo, i-cellulose ethers inokwahlulwa ibe yi-methyl cellulose (MC), i-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) kunye nezinye iintlobo.
I-Methyl cellulose (MC): I-Methyl cellulose yenziwe ngokuzisa i-methyl substituents (-OCH₃) kumaqela e-hydroxyl kwi-molecule ye-cellulose. Le cellulose ether ineepropathi ezilungileyo zokunyibilika kwamanzi kunye nokuqina kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kudaka olomileyo, izinto zokuncamathelisa kunye neengubo. I-MC inokugcinwa kwamanzi okugqwesileyo kwaye inceda ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi kwizinto zokwakha, ukuqinisekisa ukunamathela kunye namandla omdaka kunye ne-putty powder.
I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC): I-cellulose ye-Hydroxyethyl yenziwe ngokuzisa i-hydroxyethyl substituents (-OC₂H₅), eyenza ukuba i-soluble yamanzi kunye netyuwa. I-HEC isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiingubo ezisekelwe emanzini, iipeyinti ze-latex kunye nezongezo zokwakha. Inokuqina okugqwesileyo kunye neempawu zokwenza ifilimu kwaye inokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kolwakhiwo lwemathiriyeli.
I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC): I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yenziwe ngokungeniswa ngaxeshanye kwe-hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CHOHCH₃) kunye ne-methyl substituents. Olu hlobo lwe-ether ye-cellulose lubonisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi okugqwesileyo, i-lubricity kunye nokusebenza kwizinto zokwakha ezifana nodaka olomileyo, i-adhesives ye-tile, kunye neenkqubo zokugquma iindonga zangaphandle. I-HPMC nayo inokumelana nobushushu obuhle kunye nokumelana neqabaka, ngoko inokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenza kwezinto zokwakha phantsi kweemeko zemozulu ezigqithisileyo.
3. Ukunyibilika kwamanzi kunye nokuqina
Ukunyibilika kwamanzi kwe-ether yeselulosi kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye neqondo lokutshintshwa kwe-substitute (okt, inani lamaqela e-hydroxyl afakwe endaweni yeyunithi nganye yeglucose). Iqondo elifanelekileyo lokutshintshela lenza ukuba iimolekyuli zeselulosi zenze isisombululo esifanayo emanzini, zinika izinto ezintle zokujiya. Kwizinto zokwakha, i-cellulose ethers njenge-thickeners inokunyusa i-viscosity yodaka, ithintele i-stratification kunye nokwahlulwa kwezinto, kwaye ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kokwakhiwa.
4. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether kubalulekile kumgangatho wezinto zokwakha. Kwiimveliso ezifana nodaka kunye nomgubo we-putty, i-cellulose ether inokwenza ifilimu yamanzi ashinyeneyo kumphezulu wezinto eziphathekayo ukuthintela amanzi ukuba aphume ngokukhawuleza, ngaloo ndlela avule ixesha elivulekileyo kunye nokusebenza kwezinto. Oku kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni amandla okudibanisa kunye nokuthintela ukuqhekeka.
5. Rheology kunye nokusebenza kolwakhiwo
Ukongezwa kwe-ether ye-cellulose kuphucula kakhulu iipropati ze-rheological zezinto zokwakha, oko kukuthi, ukuhamba kunye nokuziphatha kokuguqulwa kwezinto phantsi kwamandla angaphandle. Inokuphucula ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye ne-lubricity yodaka, ukwandisa ukumpompa kunye nokulula ukwakhiwa kwezinto. Kwinkqubo yokwakha efana nokutshiza, ukukrazula kunye ne-masonry, i-cellulose ether inceda ukunciphisa ukuchasana kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ngelixa uqinisekisa ukugubungela okufanayo ngaphandle kokugubha.
6. Ukuhambelana nokukhuselwa kwendalo
I-ether ye-cellulose inokuhambelana kakuhle kunye neentlobo zezixhobo zokwakha, kubandakanywa i-samente, i-gypsum, i-lime, njl. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakha, ayiyi kusabela kakubi kunye namanye amacandelo amachiza ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwezinto. Ukongezelela, i-cellulose ether i-ether eluhlaza kunye nokusingqongileyo, eyona nto iphuma kwimicu yezityalo zendalo, ayinabungozi kwindalo, kwaye ihlangabezana neemfuno zokusingqongileyo zezinto zokwakha zanamhlanje.
7. Ezinye izithako ezilungisiweyo
Ukuze kuphuculwe ngakumbi ukusebenza kwe-cellulose ether, ezinye izithako ezilungisiweyo zingangeniswa kwimveliso yangempela. Ngokomzekelo, abanye abavelisi baya kwandisa ukuxhathisa kwamanzi kunye nokumelana nemozulu ye-cellulose ether ngokudibanisa ne-silicone, iparafini kunye nezinye izinto. Ukongezwa kwezi zithako ezilungisiweyo ngokuqhelekileyo kuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zesicelo, ezifana nokwandisa izinto ezichasene ne-permeability kunye nokuqina kwiingubo zangaphandle zodonga okanye iimbumba ezingenamanzi.
Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo kwizinto zokwakha, i-cellulose ether ineempawu ezininzi ezisebenzayo, kubandakanywa ukuqina, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, kunye nokuphucula iimpawu ze-rheological. Amacandelo ayo aphambili asisiseko se-cellulose kunye neendawo ezifakwe yi-etherification reaction. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-cellulose ethers zinezicelo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusebenza kwizinto zokwakha ngenxa yokungafani kwiindawo zabo. I-cellulose ethers ayikwazi nje ukuphucula ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kwezinto, kodwa iphinde iphucule umgangatho jikelele kunye nobomi benkonzo yezakhiwo. Ke ngoko, ii-cellulose ethers zinethuba elibanzi lokusetyenziswa kwezinto zokwakha zanamhlanje.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-18-2024