Isitatshi ethers luhlobo olulungisiweyo lwesitatshi olufumene ingqwalasela ebanzi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo kunye neempawu ezizodwa.Ngelixa iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiincamathelisi ngenxa yobuchule bayo bokudibanisa, ukufaneleka kwayo kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi.
1. Intshayelelo kwi-ether yesitatshi:
Isitatshi ethers ziphuma kwisitatshi semveli, ezizipolysaccharides ezifumaneka kwizityalo.Ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali, rhoqo kubandakanya i-etherification, ii-ethers zesitatshi ziveliswa ukuphucula iipropathi zazo kwaye zizenze zifaneleke ngakumbi usetyenziso oluthile.Inkqubo yokuguqulwa itshintsha i-hydrophilic kunye ne-hydrophobic properties of starch, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukuzinza, ukunyibilika kunye neempawu ze-rheological.
2. Iimpawu ze-ether yesitatshi:
Isitatshi ethers zineempawu ezininzi eziphambili ezenza ukuba zibe nomtsalane kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zamashishini, kubandakanya nokuncamathelisa.Ezi propati ziquka:
A. Amanzi anyibilikayo: Isitashi se-ethers sinyibilika emanzini kwaye sinokudityaniswa ngokulula kwimixube yokuncamathelisa kwaye ikhuthaze iimpawu ezintle zokumanzisa.
b.Ubuchule bokwenza ifilimu: Isitashi ethers sinokwenza iifilimu ezinceda i-adhesive ibambelele kumphezulu kwaye inike amandla kwizinto zokubambelela.
C. Thickener: Isebenza njenge-thickener ekuqulunqweni kwe-adhesive, echaphazela i-viscosity kunye nokuphucula iimpawu zesicelo.
d.I-Biodegradability: Isitashi se-ethers sithathwe kwimithombo evuselelekayo kwaye ngoko ke ihambelana nokusingqongileyo kwaye ifanelekile kwizicelo ezigxile ekuzinzeni.
3. Usetyenziso oluncamathelayo lwe-ether yesitatshi:
Isitatshi ethers sinokusetyenziswa kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuncamathelisa, ezifana:
A. Amaphepha kunye nokupakisha okunamathelayo: Isitashi se-ethers sisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiphepha kunye ne-packaging adhesives ngenxa ye-film-forming kunye ne-adhesive properties.
b.Izinto ezincamathelayo zokwakha: Ukunyibilika kwamanzi kunye nokukwazi ukutyeba kwe-etere yesitatshi kuyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa njengezinto zokuncamathelisa zokwakha ukunceda imathiriyeli yokwakha ibhondi.
C. I-Wood Adhesives: Kumashishini okhuni, i-starch ethers isetyenziselwa ukunamathela ngokhuni ukunyusa amandla okubambisana kunye nokubonelela ukuzinza.
d.Izinto zokuncamathelisa ezilukiweyo: Isitatshi se-ether sisetyenziswa kwizinto zokuncamathelisa ezilukiweyo ngenxa yokukwazi ukubopha iintsinga kunye nokunyusa ukomelela kwelaphu.
4. Ukusebenza kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu:
Ukusetyenziswa apho amaqondo okushisa aphezulu adibana khona, ukusebenza kwe-starch ethers kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zokushisa kubaluleke kakhulu.Kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela ukuziphatha kwayo kule meko:
A. Ukuzinza kwe-Thermal: I-starch ethers ibonisa idigri ezihlukeneyo zokuzinza kwe-thermal kuxhomekeke kwiqondo labo lokutshintshwa kunye nokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali ezithile ezisetyenziswa ngexesha lenkqubo ye-etherification.
b.Ukushisa kwe-Gelatinization: Ukushisa kwe-gelatinization ye-starch ether yiparameter ephambili kwizicelo eziphezulu zokushisa kwaye iya kuchaphazeleka ubunzima bayo be-molecular kunye neqondo lokutshintshwa.
C. Utshintsho lwe-Viscosity: Ukushisa okuphezulu kunokutshintsha i-viscosity ye-adhesive formulations equkethe i-starch ethers.Ukuqonda olu tshintsho kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuncamathelayo okuhambelanayo.
d.Amandla ebhondi: Amandla ebhondi yokwakheka okuqulethe i-ethers yesitatshi inokuchaphazeleka bubushushu, ngoko ke ukuqonda ngokucokisekileyo kwiimfuno zesicelo esithile kuyafuneka.
5. Isicwangciso sohlengahlengiso lozinzo oluphezulu lobushushu:
Ukuze kunyuswe ukusebenza kwesitatshi se-ether kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu, ezi zicwangciso-qhinga zohlengahlengiso zilandelayo zinokumkelwa:
A. I-Cross-linking: I-molecule ye-starch ether edibanisa i-cross-link yandisa ukuzinza kwe-thermal kunye nokuchasana nokutshintsha kwe-viscosity yeqondo lokushisa.
b.Ukudibanisa kunye neepolima ezikwazi ukumelana nobushushu: Ukudibanisa i-starch ethers kunye neepolymers ezikwazi ukumelana nobushushu kunokwenza imixube ye-adhesive formulations egcina uzinzo kumaqondo aphezulu.
C. Ukuguqulwa kweekhemikhali: Ukuguqulwa okuqhubekayo kweekhemikhali, ezifana nokuqaliswa kwamaqela asebenzayo okumelana nokushisa, kunokuphononongwa ukuze kulungiswe i-starch ethers kwizicelo ezithile zokushisa okuphezulu.
6. Imizekelo kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo:
Ukuphonononga izifundo zeemeko zehlabathi zangempela kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kunika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo ekusebenzeni kwe-starch ethers kwiindawo eziphezulu zokushisa.Amashishini apho ukuxhathisa ubushushu kubaluleke kakhulu, njengemoto, i-aerospace kunye ne-electronics, inokubonelela ngemizekelo ebalulekileyo.
7. Iingqwalasela zokusingqongileyo:
Njengoko iinkxalabo zokusingqongileyo ziya zisanda ukubaluleka, ukonakaliswa kwe-biodegradability ye-starch ethers yongeza inzuzo ebalulekileyo.Ukuphonononga impembelelo yokusingqongileyo ye-adhesive formulations equkethe i-starch ethers kwizicelo zokushisa eziphezulu kwizenzo ezizinzileyo.
8. Izalathiso zexesha elizayo kunye namathuba ophando:
Uphando oluqhubekayo kunye nophuhliso kwintsimi yokuguqulwa kwe-starch ether kunokuvula amathuba amatsha okusetyenziswa kwayo kwiindawo eziphezulu zokushisa.Ukuphonononga iindlela zokuguqulwa kwenoveli, ukuqonda iindlela ezisisiseko zokuzinza kwe-thermal, kunye nokuchonga intsebenziswano kunye nezinye iipolymers ziindawo ezifanelekileyo zophando.
9. Isiphelo:
Isishwankathelo, ii-ethers zesitashi zithembisa abaviwa kwizicelo zokuncamathelisa, ezinoluhlu lweepropati ezinqwenelekayo.Ukusebenza kwayo kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zokushisa kuxhomekeke ekuqwalaseleni ngokucokisekileyo izinto ezifana nokuzinza kwe-thermal, ukushisa kwe-gelatinization kunye namandla okubambisana.Ngohlengahlengiso olucwangcisiweyo kunye nokuqulunqwa kwezinto ezintsha, ii-ethers zesitatshi zinokulungelelaniswa ukujongana nemingeni ethile ebangelwa ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ukuvula iindlela ezintsha zokusetyenziswa kwazo kumashishini apho ukuxhathisa ubushushu kubaluleke kakhulu.Njengoko uphando luqhubela phambili, indima ye-starch ethers kwizicelo zokuncamathelisa kunokwenzeka ukuba zande, ziqinise ngakumbi isikhundla sazo njengezithako ezincamathelayo ezinokuguquguquka nezizinzileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-02-2023