I-Cellulose ethers zizinto eziguquguqukayo ezisetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo kuquka ukwakhiwa, amayeza kunye nokutya.Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-cellulose ether inzima kakhulu, ibandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi, kwaye idinga ubuchule obuninzi kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa.Kule nqaku, siza kuxubusha ngokubanzi inkqubo yokuvelisa i-cellulose ethers.
Isinyathelo sokuqala kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-cellulose ether kukulungiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza.Izinto ezisetyenziswayo ukuvelisa i-cellulose ethers zidla ngokuphuma kwintlama yomthi kunye nenkunkuma yomqhaphu.I-pulp yokhuni ihlanjululwe kwaye ihlolwe ukuze isuse nayiphi na inkunkuma enkulu, ngelixa inkunkuma yekotoni icutshungulwa ibe yimpuphu ecocekileyo.I-pulp ke iyancipha ngobukhulu ngokusila ukufumana umgubo ocolekileyo.I-pulp yeplanga yomgubo kunye ne-cotton yenkunkuma iye idityaniswe kunye ngokwemilinganiselo ethile ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu ezifunwayo zemveliso yokugqibela.
Inyathelo elilandelayo libandakanya ukusetyenzwa kweekhemikhali zesondlo esixutyiweyo.I-pulp iphathwa kuqala ngesisombululo se-alkaline (ngokuqhelekileyo i-sodium hydroxide) ukuphula isakhiwo se-fibrous se-cellulose.I-cellulose evelayo iphathwa nge-solvent efana ne-carbon disulfide ukuvelisa i-cellulose xanthate.Olu nyango luqhutyelwa kwiitanki kunye nokunikezelwa okuqhubekayo kwe-pulp.Isisombululo se-cellulose xanthate sikhutshwe ngesixhobo sokukhupha ukuze senze iifayili.
Emva koko, i-cellulose xanthate filaments yaphonswa kwindawo yokuhlambela ene-dilute sulfuric acid.Oku kubangela ukuvuselelwa kwe-cellulose xanthate chains, ukwenza iifiber ze-cellulose.Imicu emitsha yecellulose iye ihlanjwe ngamanzi ukuze kususwe nabuphi na ubumdaka phambi kokuba ifakwe iblitshi.Inkqubo yokwenza ibleaching isebenzisa ihydrogen peroxide ukwenza mhlophe imicu yecellulose, ethi emva koko ihlanjwe ngamanzi ize iyekwe ukuze yome.
Emva kokuba imicu yecellulose yomisiwe, ingena kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-etherification.Inkqubo ye-etherification ibandakanya ukuqaliswa kwamaqela e-ether, afana ne-methyl, i-ethyl okanye amaqela e-hydroxyethyl, kwimicu ye-cellulose.Indlela iqhutyelwa ngokusebenzisa i-reaction ye-etherification agent kunye ne-acid catalyst phambi kwe-solvent.Iimpendulo zidla ngokuqhutywa phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwa ngononophelo zobushushu kunye noxinzelelo lokuqinisekisa imveliso ephezulu kunye nococeko.
Ngeli xesha, i-ether cellulose yayikwimo yomgubo omhlophe.Imveliso egqityiweyo emva koko iphantsi koluhlu lovavanyo lokulawula umgangatho ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ihlangabezana nezinto ezinqwenelekayo kunye neenkcukacha, ezifana ne-viscosity, ukucoceka kwemveliso kunye nomxholo wokufuma.Emva koko ipakishwe kwaye ithunyelwe kumsebenzisi wokugqibela.
Ukushwankathela, inkqubo yokuvelisa i-cellulose ether ibandakanya ukulungiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza, unyango lweekhemikhali, ukujikeleza, i-bleaching kunye ne-etherification, elandelwa kuvavanyo lokulawula umgangatho.Yonke le nkqubo idinga izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nolwazi lokuphendulwa kweekhemikhali kwaye lwenziwa phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwa ngokungqongqo.Ukuvelisa i-cellulose ethers yinkqubo enzima kwaye ithatha ixesha, kodwa iyimfuneko kumashishini amaninzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-21-2023