I-Cellulose ether yipolymer yokwenziwa eyenziwe kwi-cellulose yendalo ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali.I-ether ye-cellulose iphuma kwi-cellulose yendalo.Ukuveliswa kwe-cellulose ether kuyahluka kwiipolymers zokwenziwa.Izinto zayo ezisisiseko ziyi-cellulose, i-polymer compound yendalo.Ngenxa yobungcali besakhiwo se-cellulose yendalo, i-cellulose ngokwayo ayinakho ukusabela kunye nee-etherification agents.Nangona kunjalo, emva kokunyangwa kwe-ejenti yokuvuvukala, iibhondi ze-hydrogen ezinamandla phakathi kwamatyathanga e-molecular kunye namatyathanga atshatyalaliswa, kwaye ukukhutshwa okusebenzayo kweqela le-hydroxyl kuba yi-alkali cellulose esebenzayo.Fumana i-cellulose ether.
Kwimixube esele ilungile, isixa esongezelelweyo se-cellulose ether iphantsi kakhulu, kodwa inokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kodaka olumanzi, kwaye iyona nto yokongeza echaphazela ukwakhiwa kodaka.Ukukhethwa okufanelekileyo kwee-cellulose ethers zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, i-viscosities eyahlukeneyo, ubukhulu beentlobo ezahlukeneyo, iidigri ezihlukeneyo ze-viscosity kunye neemali ezongezelelweyo ziya kuba nefuthe elihle ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwe-powder mortar.Okwangoku, udaka oluninzi lwe-masonry kunye ne-plastering lunokusebenza okungahambi kakuhle kokugcinwa kwamanzi, kwaye i-slurry yamanzi iya kwahlula emva kwemizuzu embalwa yokuma.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi ngumsebenzi obalulekileyo we-methyl cellulose ether, kwaye ikwayintsebenzo eyenziwa ngabavelisi abaninzi basekhaya abaxubene nodaka, ngakumbi abo bakwiingingqi ezisemazantsi ezinobushushu obuphezulu, banikele ingqalelo kuyo.Izinto ezichaphazela umphumo wokugcinwa kwamanzi omdaka womxube owomileyo uquka inani le-MC elongeziweyo, i-viscosity ye-MC, i-fineness of particles kunye nokushisa kwendawo yokusetyenziswa.
Iimpawu ze-cellulose ethers zixhomekeke kuhlobo, inani kunye nokuhanjiswa kwezinto ezithatha indawo.Ulwahlulo lwe-cellulose ethers lukwasekelwe kuhlobo lwabaxumi, i-degree of etherification, i-solubility kunye neepropati ezinxulumene nesicelo.Ngokohlobo lwababambeleyo kwitsheyini yemolekyuli, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-monoether kunye ne-ether edibeneyo.I-MC esiqhele ukuyisebenzisa yi-monoether, kwaye i-HPMC ixutywe i-ether.I-Methyl cellulose ether MC yimveliso emva kweqela le-hydroxyl kwiyunithi ye-glucose ye-cellulose yendalo ifakwe endaweni ye-methoxy.Ifomula yolwakhiwo ngu [COH7O2(OH)3-h(OCH3)h]x.Inxalenye yeqela le-hydroxyl kwiyunithi ithathelwa indawo liqela le-methoxy, kwaye enye inxalenye yatshintshwa liqela le-hydroxypropyl, ifomula yesakhiwo [C6H7O2 (OH) 3-mn (OCH3) m[OCH2CH (OH) CH3] n] x I-Ethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, ezi zezona ntlobo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye zithengiswa kwimarike.
Ngokubhekiselele kwi-solubility, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-ionic kunye ne-non-ionic.Ii-ether ze-cellulose ezingenayo i-ionic ezinyibilikayo zamanzi zenziwa ikakhulu ngamacandelo amabini e-alkyl ethers kunye ne-hydroxyalkyl ethers.I-Ionic CMC isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizicoci zokwenziwa, ushicilelo lwelaphu kunye nokudaya, ukutya kunye nokuhlola ioli.I-non-ionic MC, i-HPMC, i-HEMC, njl. njl. zisetyenziselwa ikakhulu kwizinto zokwakha, iingubo ze-latex, amayeza, iikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla, njl njl. Isetyenziswe njenge-thickener, i-agent egcina amanzi, i-stabilizer, i-dispersant kunye ne-agent yokwenza ifilimu.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi e-cellulose ether: Ukuveliswa kwezinto zokwakha, ngokukodwa udaka lomgubo olomileyo, i-cellulose ether idlala indima engenakulinganiswa, ngakumbi ekuveliseni udaka olukhethekileyo (udaka olulungisiweyo), luyinto eyimfuneko kwaye ibalulekileyo .Indima ebalulekileyo ye-ether cellulose enyibilikayo emanzini kudaka ikakhulu inemiba emithathu:
1. Umthamo ogqwesileyo wokugcinwa kwamanzi
2. Umphumo wokuhambelana kodaka kunye ne-thixotropy
3. Ukusebenzisana nesamente.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-ether ye-cellulose kuxhomekeke ekufunjweni kwamanzi kwinqanaba lesiseko, ukubunjwa kodaka, ubukhulu bodaka lodaka, imfuno yamanzi yodaka, kunye nexesha lokumisela izinto zokumisela.Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether ngokwayo kuvela kwi-solubility kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi kwe-cellulose ether ngokwayo.Njengoko sonke sisazi, nangona i-cellulose i-molecular chain iqulethe inani elikhulu lamaqela e-OH anamandla, ayinyibiliki emanzini, kuba isakhiwo se-cellulose sinezinga eliphezulu le-crystallinity.Isakhono se-hydration samaqela e-hydroxyl iyodwa akwanelanga ukugubungela iibhondi ze-hydrogen ezomeleleyo kunye ne-van der Waals phakathi kwe-molecule.Ngoko ke, idumba kuphela kodwa ayinyibiliki emanzini.Xa i-substituent ingeniswa kwitsheyina le-molecular, kungekhona nje i-substituent etshabalalisa ikhonkco le-hydrogen, kodwa kunye ne-interchain ye-hydrogen bond iyatshatyalaliswa ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwe-substituent phakathi kwamatyathanga akufutshane.Ubukhulu be-substitute, umgama omkhulu phakathi kweemolekyuli.Umgama mkhulu.Umphumo omkhulu wokutshabalalisa iibhondi ze-hydrogen, i-ether ye-cellulose iba yi-soluble yamanzi emva kokuba i-cellulose lattice yanda kwaye isisombululo singena, senza isisombululo esiphezulu se-viscosity.Xa izinga lokushisa liphakama, i-hydration ye-polymer iyancipha, kwaye amanzi phakathi kwamaketanga akhutshwa ngaphandle.Xa isiphumo sokuchithwa kwamanzi sanele, iimolekyuli ziqala ukudibanisa, zenza ijeli yesakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-dimensional emithathu kwaye ihlanganiswe ngaphandle.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-06-2022